Tretinoin

INCI: Tretinoin
Also known as: All-trans retinoic acid, ATRA, Retin-A
RetinoidsretinoidsyntheticStrong evidenceNot for pregnancyPrescription only
98
Skinlumis Rating
Comedogenic
0/5
Irritancy
4/5
Best applied
PM
Effective range
0.025%–0.1%
How It Works

Prescription-strength retinoid with the most robust clinical evidence base for photoaging, acne, and dyschromia. The molecule against which all other retinoids are benchmarked.

Directly binds RAR receptors without conversion. Accelerates epidermal turnover, normalises keratinocyte cohesion in the pilosebaceous unit, and stimulates dermal collagen via fibroblast activation.

pH Range
5.5–6.5
Benefits
  • Research suggests wrinkle reduction
  • May support clearer comedonal and inflammatory acne
  • May help reduce the appearance of photoaging
  • May help fade melasma
  • May improve the appearance of skin elasticity
Proven For

What the evidence supports.

Acne vulgarisPhotoagingMelasmaKeratosis pilaris
Best For
  • Normal
  • Oily
  • Combination
Avoid If
  • Pregnant
  • Breastfeeding
  • Eczema
  • Active rosacea flare
Layering Order
6/10

Later treatment or moisturiser step.

Max Safe Concentration
0.1%

Concentration range in well-formulated products: 0.025%–0.1%

Seasonal Use

Year-round under prescriber supervision; reinforce SPF and barrier care in summer.

Nutrition Connection

Endogenous metabolite of dietary Vitamin A (retinyl esters from animal sources).

Skin Signals When You Need It
  • Persistent acne
  • Coarse photodamage
  • Advanced rhytides
For Estheticians & Professionals

Buffer with moisturiser pre- and post-application during the first 6 weeks. Pause 5–7 days before peels or laser.

Prescription Only

Tretinoin is a regulated medication. Use only under the guidance of a licensed physician or dermatologist. The information here is educational, Skinlumis does not dispense prescriptions or provide medical advice.

Notable Research
  • Kligman et al. 1986, first landmark trial showing photoaging reversal
  • Weiss et al. 1988, confirmed sustained collagen-I upregulation over 12 months
Clinical Evidence

The research behind Tretinoin.

4 peer-reviewed studies

Every claim on this page traces to published research. Findings below are drawn from randomized trials and systematic reviews, each links to the study on PubMed.

Systematic Review
Gut microbiome dysbiosis is significantly associated with inflammatory skin conditions including acne and rosacea.
Dréno B, Dagnelie MA, Khammari A, Corvec S
American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 2020
View Study →
Systematic Review
EPA supplementation at 1.8g/day reduced inflammatory acne lesions by 42% over 12 weeks.
Thomsen BJ, Chow EY, Sapijaszko MJ
Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, 2020
View Study →
Systematic Review
Vitamin D deficiency significantly associated with acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
Mostafa WZ, Hegazy RA
Journal of Advanced Research, 2015
View Study →
Systematic Review
Androgen receptors in sebaceous glands directly regulate sebum production, establishing the hormonal basis of acne.
Makrantonaki E, Ganceviciene R, Zouboulis C
Dermato-Endocrinology, 2011
View Study →
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The science behind Tretinoin

1 study from the Intelligence Vault that discuss Tretinoin.

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