SPF (Mineral/Zinc Oxide)
The broadest-spectrum mineral filter, protects from UVA1 through UVB. Sits on the skin and reflects/absorbs UV.
A semiconductor: electrons in zinc oxide absorb UV photons and re-emit them at longer wavelengths or as heat. Also reflects/scatters UV.
- Broad-spectrum UV protection
- Reef-safe
- Suitable for sensitive skin
- Anti-inflammatory
What the evidence supports.
- All skin types
No notable contraindications reported.
Final occlusive/SPF layer.
Concentration range in well-formulated products: 10%–25%
Year-round daily.
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- Cumulative photo-damage
Non-nano ZnO chunkier finish; nano ZnO more elegant but check formulation safety standards.
The research behind SPF (Mineral/Zinc Oxide).
Every claim on this page traces to published research. Findings below are drawn from randomized trials and systematic reviews, each links to the study on PubMed.
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2013
European Journal of Dermatology, 1998
No flagged conflicts. Still, patch-test new actives.
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