OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence of adherence to oral and topical treatments for acne, factors associated with adherence and reasons for nonadherence. METHODS: We included primary quantitative studies that investigated acne-related experiences and behaviours, including predictors, determinants and outcomes associated with treatment adherence. Reasons for nonadherence included cost, side effects, perceived treatment ineffectiveness or symptom resolution.
Relevant if you're working with pha for acne.
If you're targeting acne, this research supports adding pha to your AM/PM routine. Effective concentration range: 50–65% based on this study.
Translated from this study's findings, not a personal prescription. Pair with your existing protocol and your practitioner's guidance.
1. Skin Health Dis. 2026 Jul 31;6(5):690-711. doi: 10.1093/skinhd/vzag084. eCollection 2026 Oct. Treatment adherence in acne vulgaris: systematic review and narrative synthesis. Santer M(1), Maund E(1), Becque T(1), Essery R(1), Barbieri JS(2), Stuart B(3), Sach TH(1), Miah F(1), Ridd MJ(4), Price W(5), Pang J(1), Dove S(6), Soulsby I(6), Thomas KS(7), Henaghan-Sykes K(1), Steele M(1), Easton S(1), Pollet S(1), Umensofor A(7), Langan SM(8), Francis NA(1), Thompson AR(9)(10), Little P(1), Layton AM(11)(12), Muller I(1).
1. Skin Health Dis. 2026 Jul 31;6(5):690-711. doi: 10.1093/skinhd/vzag084. eCollection 2026 Oct. Treatment adherence in acne vulgaris: systematic review and narrative synthesis. Santer M(1), Maund E(1), Becque T(1), Essery R(1), Barbieri JS(2), Stuart B(3), Sach TH(1), Miah F(1), Ridd MJ(4), Price W(5), Pang J(1), Dove S(6), Soulsby I(6), Thomas KS(7), Henaghan-Sykes K(1), Steele M(1), Easton S(1), Pollet S(1), Umensofor A(7), Langan SM(8), Francis NA(1), Thompson AR(9)(10), Little P(1), Layton AM(11)(12), Muller I(1). Author information: (1)Primary Care Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. (2)Advanced Acne Therapeutics Clinic, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. (3)Pragmatic Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. (4)Centre for Applied Excellence in Skin & Allergy Research, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. (5)Pharmacy Department, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Burnley, UK. (6)Public Contributor, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. (7)School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. (8)Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. (9)Clinical Psychology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, Wales, UK. (10)Clinical Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. (11)Dermatology, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate, UK. (12)Dermatology, Hull York Medical School, University of York, Hull, UK. BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris is common and has a substantial impact on patients' quality of life. Low adherence to acne treatments is a barrier to successful management. OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence of adherence to oral and topical treatments for acne, factors associated with adherence and reasons for nonadherence. METHODS: We included primary quantitative studies that investigated acne-related experiences and behaviours, including predictors, determinants and outcomes associated with treatment adherence. We searched the following databases from inception until 24 March 2025, with no language restrictions: MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL. Quality was appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. We present the findings related to observational studies, analysed using narrative synthesis. RESULTS: Twenty-six eligible papers reported studies in the Americas, Europe and Asia. Thirteen papers reported quantitative descriptive studies (8111 survey participants plus 2 studies that reported data from electronic health records) and 13 papers (12 studies, 37 884 participants) reported other designs such as analytic cross-sectional or cohort studies. Methods for evaluating adherence varied: 21 studies used self-report with differing questionnaire designs, 3 used prescription data to evaluate medication possession ratio, 3 assessed drug refills, 1 carried out database drug survival analysis and 1 used pill count or tube weighing. Four studies used more than one method. The prevalence of adherence estimates varied from 6% to 84%, with larger studies estimating 50-65% adherence. Adherence was lower among younger people, but there was inconsistent evidence for differences between men and women, or between topical and oral treatments. Reasons for nonadherence included cost, side effects, perceived treatment ineffectiveness or symptom resolution. CONCLUSIONS: Improving treatment adherence in acne remains a priority, particularly for younger people. Interventions addressing the management of side effects and time to effectiveness of treatments may be beneficial. © The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of British Association of Dermatologists. DOI: 10.1093/skinhd/vzag084 PMCID: PMC13623435 PMID: 42813195 Conflict of interest statement: J.S.B. has received consulting fees from Honeydew Care and Sanofi Pasteur unrelated to the current submission. A.M.L. has served as advisor, consultant and/or investigator for research (funded to institution) and/or received honoraria for unrestricted educational events from Almirall, Eucerin, Galderma, GSK, La Roche-Posay, LEO Pharma, L’Oréal, Mylan, Origimm and Proctor and Gamble.
Original source →Friedreich's ataxia is a rare, chronic, progressive, neurodegenerative condition affecting multiple organ systems, including neurological, musculoskeletal, cardiac, and endocrine systems, and is marked by low cardiopulmonary fitness. We tested the effect of exercise and NAD+ precursor supplementation with nicotinamide riboside, which have each shown benefits in animal and early clinical studies, on cardiopulmonary fitness in individuals with Friedreich's ataxia. This 12-week, outpatient, phase 2, single-site (Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA), randomised, 2 × 2 factorial clinical trial recruited individuals aged 10-40 years with an ejection fraction of 45% or greater who were able to exercise.
Wounds continue to represent a significant public health challenge globally. In recent years, Astragalus mongholicus Bunge, a traditional Chinese botanical drug utilized for wound treatment, has garnered increasing research attention. However, the therapeutic efficacy and safety of this natural botanical drug on wound healing remain poorly understood.
Recent preclinical studies have shown that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays a critical role in molecular mechanisms of axon degeneration, and reductions in NAD+ levels are associated with axonal degeneration. Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a safe and widely available pyridine-nucleoside form of vitamin B3 and is an NAD+ precursor. To investigate if oral supplementation of synthetic NR can act as a therapeutic agent to prevent degeneration of small somatic sensory axons innervating the skin or promote regeneration of these same fibers in humans, we utilized a validated experimental model of cutaneous nerve degeneration and regeneration and conducted a placebo-controlled, double-blinded Phase 2 study.
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